Abstract
A novel halogen-free flame-retardant formulation was prepared and coated onto cotton fabrics. The structure of phosphorus compounds in the system was characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Results from the ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses presented that the flame retardant was coated successfully onto a cotton surface. We investigated the thermal stability and fire-retardant behaviors of cotton fabrics using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and the vertical flame test. We also discuss the mechanism of flame retardance of coated cotton fabrics.
Highlights
Cotton fabrics are known as one of the most important natural fibers found in apparel production, home furnishings, and industrial product applications
It was found that the durability of flame resistance of cotton fabric that diminished with triazine-based flame retardant (FR) may be improved significantly after some soaping cycles
A novel FR formulation was prepared using the two-step reaction presented in Scheme 1
Summary
Cotton fabrics are known as one of the most important natural fibers found in apparel production, home furnishings, and industrial product applications. Cotton fabrics are often treated with reactive FR or they are back coated to improve flame retardancy behavior. In addition to polymer matrix-based FR, various active FRs were proposed to impart flame retardancy to cotton fabrics [9]. Triazine-based and UV-curable flame retardants were integrated as alternative durable FRs for cotton fabrics through polymerization under UV radiation [20]. It was found that the durability of flame resistance of cotton fabric that diminished with triazine-based FRs may be improved significantly after some soaping cycles. To develop novel phosphorus-containing FRs for cotton fabrics, this study synthesized a new FR formulation using anhydride methacrylic and bis(hydroxymethyl)phosphinic acid. We proposed the FR mechanism of the organophosphorus formulation on cotton fabrics by investigating the chemical structure and elemental compositions of the char residues
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