Abstract
Polymer, SRP-2-1, was synthesized by micellar polymerization and characterized by 1H NMR. Salt tolerance and viscoelasticity tests verified that the salt resistance of SRP-2-1 was promoted by the synergistic effects of oxyethylene groups, sulfonate, and hydrophobic chains. It is suggested that the structure of SRP-2-1 became more compact with increasing salinity. Furthermore, a mechanism is proposed as to why SRP-2-1 solution has excellent salt-resistance properties. The experimental results indicate that, because of the good shear resistance properties, the polymer SRP-2-1 could be used as an alternative in many fields, for instance in fracturing fluids, enhanced oil recovery, and sewage treatment.
Highlights
Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is widely used in various fields, such as enhanced oil recovery, water treatment, and agriculture, as a result of its availability in large quantities and low cost [1]
There were three reasons to explain why the double distribution of size becomes larger with the increase of salinity: (i) When the polymer mixed with the brine, the solution polarity was enhanced, which strengthened the hydrophobic association effect between the molecular chains due to the introduction of nonionic hydrophobic monomer, DiC12AM. (ii) The oxyethylene groups on the MAAthe dimensions nm, respectively, which are both than of when
(1) Polymer with good saltlong resistance was synthesized by micellar polymerization and characterized drawn: by
Summary
Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) is widely used in various fields, such as enhanced oil recovery, water treatment, and agriculture, as a result of its availability in large quantities and low cost [1]. (ii) Improving the salt resistance of the polymer by introducing large side groups or rigid groups, such as hydrophobic long chains and sulfonic acid [10]. Micellar polymerization was employed to prepare the polymer in this study so that the hydrophobic chain was distributed in the form of micro-blocks on the polymer macromolecular backbone, which could considerably reduce the entropy resistance when hydrophobic microdomains were formed between hydrophobic groups [19]. This would result in a significant decrease in the critical association concentration of the polymer and would strengthen the polymer thickening ability. It is of significant interest to investigate polymers with good salt resistance, which could be used as alternatives for the development of oil and gas resources in deep wells
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