Preparation Methods for Improving PEEK’s Bioactivity for Orthopedic and Dental Application: A Review

Davood Almasi,Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir,Nida Iqbal,Tunku Kamarul,Maliheh Sadeghi,Izman Sudin

doi:10.1155/2016/8202653

Davood Almasi, Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8202653

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Abstract

There is an increased interest in the use of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) for orthopedic and dental implant applications due to its elastic modulus close to that of bone, biocompatibility, and its radiolucent properties. However, PEEK is still categorized as bioinert due to its low integration with surrounding tissues. Many studies have reported on methods to increase the bioactivity of PEEK, but there is still one-preparation method for preparing bioactive PEEK implant where the produced implant with desirable mechanical and bioactivity properties is required. The aim of this review is to present the progress of the preparation methods for improvement of the bioactivity of PEEK and to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the existing methods.

Highlights

polyether ether ketone (PEEK) with high chemical resistance, radiolucency, mechanical characteristics compared to those of human bones [1,2,3,4,5,6], and local inflammation and stress shielding problem of the metallic implant [7, 8] has become a very interesting biomaterial for scientists and a promising good alternative for metallic implants
Several methods have been proposed which can broadly be divided into two main categories: incorporation of bioactive materials such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) into PEEK composite and surface treatment techniques such as laser surface modification, coating with the bioactive material, and wet chemical treatment [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]
The results showed that Accelerated neutral atom beam (ANAB) treatment of PEEK modified the surface in the nanometer scale, increased surface wettability, and improved human osteoblast cell proliferation to a level comparable with titanium

Summary

Introduction

PEEK with high chemical resistance, radiolucency, mechanical characteristics compared to those of human bones [1,2,3,4,5,6], and local inflammation and stress shielding problem of the metallic implant [7, 8] has become a very interesting biomaterial for scientists and a promising good alternative for metallic implants. PEEK has been used for load bearing orthopedic applications such as spinal cage, dental implant, and screws [12, 13] Despite these excellent properties, PEEK is still categorized as bioinert due to its very low reaction with the surrounding tissue, which limits its potential applications [1]. PEEK is still categorized as bioinert due to its very low reaction with the surrounding tissue, which limits its potential applications [1] For overcoming this problem, several methods have been proposed which can broadly be divided into two main categories: incorporation of bioactive materials such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) into PEEK composite and surface treatment techniques such as laser surface modification, coating with the bioactive material, and wet chemical treatment [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22]

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