Abstract
Various bulk and transparent glasses were prepared by rapid melt quenching technique in the glass system 55[(Pb x Bi1−x)TiO3]-44[2SiO2B2O3]-La2O3 (x = 0–0.7). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies of the glass samples confirmed the amorphous nature. The differential thermal analyses (DTA) were carried out from room temperature to 900 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min. The DTA patterns of the samples showed one or more exothermic sharp peaks shifting towards lower temperature side with increasing concentration of bismuth oxide (BiO). On the basis of DTA results, the solid solution of bismuth titanum oxide (Bi2Ti2O7)/lead bismuth titanium oxide (Pb3Bi4Ti6O21) was precipitated in borosilicate glassy matrix as a major phase. The glasses were subjected to 4 h and 8 h heat treatment schedules to convert into glass ceramics. XRD analysis of these glass ceramic samples showed that the major crystalline phase of the entire glass ceramic samples with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 is found to have cubic crystal structure, while it is tetragonal for glass ceramic sample with x = 0.7. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs indicated the uniform distribution of Bi2Ti2O7 and Pb3Bi4Ti6O21 crystallites in the glassy matrix.
Highlights
Fromthelast four decades, afterthe remarkable discoverybyAurivilliusofanewfamilyof materials named after his name, a concerted effort bythe researchers resulted in the discovery of various novel glassceramicscontainingferroelectriccrystalssuchas Bi2WO6, BiTiO3,(Na,K)NbO3, BaTiO3, Pb5Ge3O11, LiNbO3, Bi2VO5.5, Bi2GeO5, solid solutions of PbxBa1 xTiO3 and SrAl2Si2O8 embedded in glassyJournalofAdvancedCeramics2014,3(3):194–206 crystallographic orientation in the polycrystalline materials [21]
The present paper focuses on the crystallization, microstructure and dielectric properties of glass ceramics withvaryingBiOcontent
It is observed that the density of the glassceramicsamplesisfoundhigherincomparisonto the density of their parent glass samples
Summary
Fromthelast four decades, afterthe remarkable discoverybyAurivilliusofanewfamilyof materials named after his name, a concerted effort bythe researchers resulted in the discovery of various novel glassceramicscontainingferroelectriccrystalssuchas Bi2WO6, BiTiO3,(Na,K)NbO3, BaTiO3, Pb5Ge3O11, LiNbO3, Bi2VO5.5, Bi2GeO5, solid solutions of PbxBa1 xTiO3 and SrAl2Si2O8 embedded in glassy. Besides controllingthe crystallite size,this method provides the control over thetransparentcharacteristics ofthe parent glasses duringthe crystallization[31].It wasreportedthat glass nanocomposites comprising nanocrystallites of bismuthtitanate(BiT),dispersedinaglassy matrixof strontiumtetraborate(SrB4O7,SBO)achievedbythe controlled crystallization of glasses [32]. It was observedthatultrasonictreatment(UST)oftheglass samples withanaqueoussuspensionofBiTfollowed by conventional heattreatment yieldsthe desired crystallinephase,whichisotherwisedifficulttoobtain byconventionalheattreatment.GerthandRüssel[18] havereportedthecrystallizationbehaviorofBiTinthe Bi2O3–TiO2–B2O3 system. The study on the fabrication of K2O–SiO2–Bi2O3–TiO2 glassesinthe silicate matrix has been reported The glasses and their glassceramicsareproducedbythesimpleconventional melt quenchingtechniquefollowedbycontrolledheat treatmentto obtain BiTiO3 crystal containing glass ceramicnanocompositesinbulkquantity[33].More recently,Golezardi et al.[34]reportedtheir work on crystallization behavior, microstructureand dielectric properties of lead titanate glass ceramics in the presenceofBi2O3 asanucleatingagent. Accordingtoour knowledge, there is no report for the preparation of glassceramicscontainingthephasesofsolidsolution of bismuthtitanum oxide (Bi2Ti2O7)/lead bismuth titaniumoxide(Pb3Bi4Ti6O21)by meltquenchingwith participationofSiO2 andLa2O3,andthepreparation, crystallization, microstructureanddielectric behavior of(Pb,Bi)TiO3 borosilicateglassceramicsystemhave notbeenreportedelsewhereeither
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