Abstract
In recent years, observed focus greatly on gold nanoparticles synthesis due to its unique properties and tremendous applicability. In most of these researches, the citrate reduction method has been adopted. The aim of this study was to prepare and optimize monodisperse ultrafine particles by addition of reducing agent to gold salt, as a result of seed mediated growth mechanism. In this research, gold nanoparticles suspension (G) was prepared by traditional standard Turkevich method and optimized by studying different variables such as reactants concentrations, preparation temperature and stirring rate on controlling size and uniformity of nanoparticles through preparing twenty formulas (G1-G20). Subsequently, the selected formula that prepared from the best tested condition was further optimized by preparing it using inverse method via the addition of gold salt to the reducing agent in opposite to the previous traditional method (G21). The optimized gold nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, EDX, TEM and zeta potential. The obtained results indicated that (G21) with reactants concentrations of 0.5mM and 10mM for HAuCl4.3H2O and trisodium citrate dihydrate respectively, 65°C of preparation temperature and 1500rpm of stirring rate was chosen as an optimized formula according to AFM provided gold nanoparticles with smoother surface, smaller size (average 8.75nm) with more uniform size distribution (7.32%) as well as short over all preparation time (27minutes). In addition to that all results of SEM, EDX and TEM indicated uniform spherical shape with zeta potential of -47.87. In conclusion, inversed method is promising for the preparation of gold nanoparticles with high monodispersity.
Highlights
The most emerging branch in pharmaceutical sciences known as “pharmaceutical nanotechnology” presents new tools, opportunities and scope, which are expected to have significant applications in disease diagnostics and therapeutics
Gold nanoparticles has gained increasing importance in pharmaceutical nanotechnology owing to their special features, such as tunable their size and shape, strong absorption and scattering properties, easy surface functionalization, simple set up for synthesizing and high biological stability and compatibility [3]
The heating was switched off and the suspension was allowed to cool at room temperature with continuous stirring, filtered using 0.1μm syringe-filter to remove any possible aggregates or dust impurities and stored in refrigerator at 2-8°C in a tightly closed dark container coated by aluminum foil, in order to quench any further reaction might be occurred due to light or temperature effects, prior to further characterization [5,6,7,8]
Summary
The most emerging branch in pharmaceutical sciences known as “pharmaceutical nanotechnology” presents new tools, opportunities and scope, which are expected to have significant applications in disease diagnostics and therapeutics. Gold nanoparticles reveal enormous potential in drug delivery as carrier for spatial and temporal delivery of bioactive and diagnostic [2]. Gold nanoparticles has gained increasing importance in pharmaceutical nanotechnology owing to their special features, such as tunable their size and shape, strong absorption and scattering properties, easy surface functionalization, simple set up for synthesizing and high biological stability and compatibility [3]. A lot of volume of researches focuses on synthesis techniques of gold nanoparticles, including chemical, thermal, electrochemical, sonochemical and photochemical reduction pathways. Among all these methods, the citrate reduction; pioneered by John Turkevich in 1951, is one of the most broadly used techniques [4; 5]
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Schedule a callMore From: Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN: 1683 - 3597 , E-ISSN : 2521 - 3512)
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