Abstract
Based on starch and series of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid as the materials, a novel carbon-based solid acid catalyst is synthesized using hydrothermal method. This catalyst exhibits much higher catalytic activity in the reaction of esterification of Mono-fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene maleate esters with 1,4-butanediol. The structure of carbon-based solid acid catalyst was charactered by IR and XRD, characterizations showed that this catalyst exhibited high –SO3H loading. Reusability of the carbon-based solid acid catalyst for esterification showed that after recycling five times the activity remained unchanged.
Highlights
The principles of green chemistry and increasing concerns about environmental issues have stimulated the research for recyclable strong solid acids to replace of conventional toxic and corrosive acid catalysts, such as sulfuric acid [1]
Alkyl benzene sulfonic acid was synthesized according to the literature; fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO-3) was from Liao Yang Oak polyether Co., Ltd. (Liaoyang, Liaoning Province, China)
Mono-fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene maleate esters were synthesized by 0.1 mol (9.806 g) of maleic anhydride (MAH) reacted to 0.1 mol (31.695 g, M = 317.695 g/mol) of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene (AEO-3) and 0.1% p-toluene sulphonic acid served as a catalyst for 8 h with heating at 80 ̊C
Summary
The principles of green chemistry and increasing concerns about environmental issues have stimulated the research for recyclable strong solid acids to replace of conventional toxic and corrosive acid catalysts, such as sulfuric acid [1]. An ordered mesoporous phenol-formaldehyde resin [14] was functionalized with sulfonate groups by putting the material in the vapor of fuming sulfuric acid inside an autoclave. Ryoo et al [15] synthesized an ordered mesoporous carbons (OMCs) through the nanocasting technique using OMCS as templatesor via self-assembly of phenolic resins and block copolymers [16] [17]. These materials exhibit high surface area, narrow pore size distribution, and large pore volume. A new class of sulfonated carbons (C-SO3H) derived from the incomplete carbonization of simple sugars and starch were reported to show excellent catalytic performance for the synthesis of biodiesel [18]-[20]
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