Abstract
Biodiesel is a promising renewable fuel with lower emissions and environmental friendly. This research investigated the potential of a CaO/MgO/Fe3O4 nanomagnetic catalyst synthesized from dolomite and iron sand for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil. The influence of catalyst loading, Fe3O4:CaO/MgO mass ratio, and calcination temperature on biodiesel yield was investigated and the catalyst was characterized using XRD, SEM, and PSA techniques. The optimal reaction conditions were found at 1 % w/w catalyst loading, Fe3O4:CaO/MgO weight ratio of 1:7.5 w/w, and 1000 °C calcination temperature, which result in 95.640 % yield. The produced biodiesel has fulfill the quality standards for density and viscosity. This work also demonstrates the effectiveness of CaO/MgO/Fe3O4 nanomagnetic catalysts for sustainable biodiesel production from waste feedstock, offering a promising approach for waste management and cleaner fuel alternatives.
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