Preparation and Utilization of Some lon‐Exchange Starches

Abstract

AbstractFive types of cationic starches were prepared via reacting methylolated poly (acrylamide)‐starch graft copolymer with different aminating agents. These aminating agents include ammonia, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine and ethylene diamine. The different factors affecting these reactions were investigated. These factors include liquor ratio, amine / methylol molar ratio, type of aminating agent, reaction duration and temperature. The amination extent and amination reaction efficiency % were traced by estimating the nitrogen content of the aminated starches. Characterization of the prepared cationic starches such as solubility, anion‐exchange capacity, heavy metal anion removal, and metal ions sorption were studied. Heavy metal anion removal efficiency % depends on the cationic starch used as well as the removed anion. The removal efficiency % of dichromate anion > removal efficiency % of ferricyanide anion irrespective the cationic starch used. The removal efficiency % of both anions follow the order: ammonia derivative > triethylamine derivative > ethyl amine derivative > ethylene diamine derivative > diethyl amine derivative.The metal ion sorption behaviour of the cationic starches follow the order: Pb++ > Cd++ > Zn++ > Cu++ > Co++The sorption efficiency % of any metal ion depends on the used cationic starch. The sorption efficiency % of all metal ions on different cationic starches follow the order: ammonia derivative > triethylamine derivative > ethylamine derivative > ethylene diamine derivative > diethylamine derivative. The prepared cationic starch bearing primary amino group acquires the highest metal ion sorption efficiency % irrespective the sorbed metal ion.