Preparation and Properties of the 3-pentadecyl-phenol In Situ Modified Foamable Phenolic Resin.

Tiejun Ge,Kaihong Tang,Yang Yu,Xiapeng Tan

doi:10.3390/polym10101124

Tiejun Ge, Kaihong Tang + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101124

Copy DOI

Abstract

In this present study, 3-pentadecyl-phenol was selected as a modifier to prepare a foamable phenolic resin with excellent performance, which was successfully prepared by in situ modification. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR, 13C NMR) were used to test and characterize the molecular structure of the modified resin. The results showed that 3-pentadecyl-phenol successfully modified the molecular structure of phenolic resin with a reduction in the resin gel time. The effect of changing the added amount of 3-pentadecyl-phenol on the mechanical properties, microstructure, and flame retardancy of the modified foam was investigated. The results showed that when the amount of added 3-pentadecyl-phenol was 15% of the total amount of phenol, this resulted in the best toughness of the modified foam, which could be increased to 300% compared to the bending deflection of the unmodified phenolic foam. The cell structure showed that the modified phenolic foam formed a more regular and dense network structure and the closed cell ratio was high. Furthermore, the compressive strength, bending strength, and limited oxygen index were improved, while the water absorption rate was lowered. However, the foam density could be kept below 40 mg/cm3, which does not affect the load.

Highlights

Phenolic foam is a new generation of flame retardant, thermal insulation, and sound insulation materials [1,2,3]
Phenolic resin (PF) is the main raw material used in the production of phenolic foam
The molecular structure of the phenolic resin determines the brittleness of the phenolic foam because there are three active sites on the benzene ring of phenol, which are located on the ortho-position and para-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group

Summary

Introduction

Phenolic foam is a new generation of flame retardant, thermal insulation, and sound insulation materials [1,2,3]. Phenolic resin (PF) is the main raw material used in the production of phenolic foam. The molecular structure of the phenolic resin determines the brittleness of the phenolic foam because there are three active sites on the benzene ring of phenol, which are located on the ortho-position and para-position of the phenolic hydroxyl group. The interior of the resin gradually forms a spatial molecular network with a relatively high cross-link density, with the toughness of the phenolic foam inevitably declining [10]. If the active point on the benzene ring can be reduced, the toughness of the phenolic foam can be improved

Methods

Results

Conclusion