Abstract
Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)/poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (SPEEK/PSt-DVB) semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) were prepared to be used as proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) applications. The morphologies of the membranes were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy. The ion-exchange capacity, water uptake, proton conductivity, methanol permeability, mechanical properties, and the thermal stability were characterized for each of the various semi-IPN membranes and evaluated for DMFC suitability. The semi-IPN SPEEK/PSt-DVB structure provided better dimensional stability, thermal stability, and mechanical integrity than the pristine SPEEK membrane. The methanol diffusion coefficient of the SPEEK/PSt-DVB-30% was reduced approximately by 70% when compared to the value of Nafion-117 at 30°C. The maximum selectivity of the semi-IPN membranes was 9.27 × 104 S s cm−3 for the SPEEK/PSt-DVB-20%, which was nearly 2.1 times higher than that of the Nafion-117 membrane. The improved properties of the SPEEK/PSt-DVB membranes were attributed to the homogeneous semi-IPN structure and to the hydrophobic molecular chains of PSt-DVB.
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