Abstract
High solid content waterborne polyurethane-acrylate (WPUA) emulsions have been successfully synthesized in two steps. Firstly, we prepared a waterborne polyurethane emulsion, then reacted it with acrylate monomer by emulsion polymerization using the semi-continuous seeded method. The effects of the type and amount of emulsifier, the amount of dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), the choice of capping group, the ratio of PU/PA, and the method of adding a water-soluble monomer to the properties of the composite emulsion were investigated. The reactive emulsifier replaced the traditional emulsifier and there were no metal ions introduced to the reaction, whether by the emulsifier or the initiator. Through a variety of tests, we proved that the prepared emulsion has the advantages of small particle size, narrow distribution, good stability, good performance of the film, and solid content of 46%.
Highlights
Before the advent of water-based coatings, solvent-based paints have evolved considerably to achieve industrial production and are widely used in many areas of human life
With the increase in the amount of dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), the stability of the emulsion improves, and the surface of the film becomes smoother. This is because the greater the amount of DMPA added, the greater the surface charge density of the particles, and the particles are not easy to agglomerate due to electrostatic interaction
When the amount of DMPA was 7%, PU/PA was 1/3, and methacrylic acid (MAA) added in the pre-emulsion monomer
Summary
Before the advent of water-based coatings, solvent-based paints have evolved considerably to achieve industrial production and are widely used in many areas of human life. Regarding solvent-based coatings, the main solvents are butanone, cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, and toluene. These organic solvents tend to be highly volatile and toxic, flammable and explosive, which is dangerous, and a threat to the environment and human health [1,2,3]. With the popular concept of environmental protection, a large number of relevant environmental laws and regulations have been formulated to control the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC). These measures limit the application of solvent-based coatings, and promote the development of water-based paint. Water-based coatings can be prepared by controlling the reaction conditions and optimizing the production process, which is consistent with the properties of solvent-based coatings and has a similar morphology [4,5,6]
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