Abstract
Blend films of feather keratin (FK) and synthetic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) that were compatibilized by tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) were successfully prepared by a solution-casting method. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that a phase separation occurred in the FK/PVA/Tris blended system. Analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the main interactions between the three components were hydrogen bonds. In addition, X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the FK/PVA/Tris blend films were partially crystalline. The barrier properties, mechanical properties, and contact angles of the FK/PVA/Tris films were investigated to determine the effects of the PVA and Tris concentrations. More specifically, upon increasing the PVA content, the elongation at break, the hydrophilicity, and the oxygen barrier properties were enhanced. However, at a constant PVA content, an increase in the Tris content caused the oxygen permeability and the contact angle to decrease, while the tensile strength, elongation at break, and oxygen barrier properties were enhanced. These results indicated that the mechanical properties and gas resistance of the FK/PVA/Tris blend films could be successfully improved using the method described herein, confirming that this route provided a convenient and promising means to prepare FK plastics for practical applications.
Highlights
Due to their excellent mechanical properties and stable physicochemical properties, synthetic polymer materials are widely used in packaging
The surfaces of the feather keratin (FK)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/Tris blend films look very smooth, which are smoother than the surfaces of the FK/PVA
We reported the preparation of blend films from feather keratin (FK), synthetic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) using a solution-casting process
Summary
Due to their excellent mechanical properties and stable physicochemical properties, synthetic polymer materials are widely used in packaging. Synthetic polymers are generally not biodegradable, and their use can result in environmental pollution. To address these issues, their replacement with biomaterials has received increasing attention, with examples including proteins [1], carbohydrates [2,3,4,5], and lipids [6]. A protein found in abundance (80–90% protein content) in animal hair, feathers, and hooves, has received significant research interest. Feather keratin is available, biodegradable, and exhibits high tensile strength, its application in packaging is challenging
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