Preparation and photorefractive properties of barium strontium titanate (Ba 1−xSr xTiO 3)

Abstract

Single crystals of Ba 1− x Sr x TiO 3 with 0.015 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.05 have been grown by Czochralski technique. The optical transmission spectrum and the photorefractive experimental results of a single-domain Ba 0.952Sr 0.048TiO 3 sample are reported. The effective density of empty traps N E, a lumped parameter n 3 o r eff and the response time at the total optical intensity of 1 W/cm 2 were measured by two-beam coupling experiments to be 4.7 × 10 16cm -3, 190 pm/V and 0.8 s, respectively. Self-pumped phase conjugation has been observed at nine wavelengths ranging from 457.9 nm to 632.8 nm. Self-pumped phase-conjugate reflectivities higher than 35% were obtained for all of the wavelengths used. The highest value is 55% reached at 514.5 nm.