Abstract

To improve the water solubility of phosphoramidate siloxane and decrease the amount of flame-retardant additives used in the functional coating for cotton fabrics, a water-soluble phosphoramidate siloxane polymer (PDTSP) was synthesized by sol-gel technology and flame-retardant cotton fabrics were prepared with a multistep coating process. A vertical flammability test, limited oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis, and cone calorimetry were performed to investigate the thermal behavior and flame retardancy of PDTSP-coated fabrics. The coated cotton fabrics and their char residues after combustion were studied by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All results presented that PDTSP-coated cotton fabrics had good flame retardancy and char-forming properties. PDTSP coating was demonstrated to posess gas-phase flame-retardant mechanism as well as a condensed phase flame-retardant mechanism, which can be confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) and cone calorimetry test. Also, the preparation process had little effect on the tensile strength of cotton fabrics, although the air permeability and whiteness had a slight decrease. After different washing cycles, the coated samples still maintained good char-forming properties.

Highlights

  • Nowadays, functional materials, especially flame-retardant textiles, have attracted much attention along with an increase of public awareness of safety [1]

  • One and two layers of phosphoramidate siloxane polymer coating were deposited on the fabrics, which were coded as Cotton-PDTSP-1T and Cotton-PDTSP-2T

  • The siloxane bond (Si–OCH2 CH3 ) in DTSP was firstly hydrolyzed to silanol bond (Si–OH), and copolymerized themselves to form siloxane polymer, which can be reacted with the hydroxyl group (–OH) and bound onto cellulose

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Summary

Introduction

Functional materials, especially flame-retardant textiles, have attracted much attention along with an increase of public awareness of safety [1]. Numerous researchers have focused on the investigation of flame-retardant textiles and various preparation methods have been reported [3] Among these methods, sol-gel technique has been recognized as an excellent scientific approach to rendering textiles with different functional properties [4,5,6], such as flame retardancy [7,8], antibacterial properties [9,10], anti-wrinkle [11,12], and superhydrophobicity [13]. Siloxane bonds are firstly hydrolyzed to silanol groups and connected to cellulose substrate to form hydrogen and covalent linkages [14]

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