Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present research was to prepare metoprolol-loaded nanospheres. Metoprolol-loaded bovine albumin nanospheres were prepared by nanoprecipitation method. Metoprolol is beta-1-adrenergic receptor inhibitor specific to cardiac cells, thus producing negative chronotropic and ionotropic effect.
 Methods: Metoprolol nanospheres were prepared by nanoprecipitation method, using bovine serum albumin as polymer. The prepared nanospheres are evaluated for particle size evaluation, drug entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential. Drug-excipient compatibility was determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. In vitro release and solubility of the drug from nanoparticles were determined.
 Results: The particle size of prepared metoprolol nanospheres was found to be always less than 200 nm. Maximum particle size was found to be 196±2.03 nm of batch 4 nanoparticles. Entrapment efficiency of prepared nanospheres was above 80% and maximum percentage entrapment efficiency was found to be 80.4±0.51%. It was found that the percentage entrapment efficiency and drug release were extended with increase in polymer concentration. Zeta potential of the optimized formulation was found to be −20.4 mV. In vitro drug release studies have shown the prolonged release of 94.5±0.54 up to 10 h. Drug release rate is extended with an increase in polymer concentration.
 Conclusion: Results have concluded that the albumin nanospheres loaded with metoprolol have reduced the blood pressure within 24 h and the prepared nanospheres are effective compared to other formulations and drug delivery.
Highlights
Nanospheres are the particles of spherical in shape and size varying between 10 nm and 200 nm in diameter
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) SEM helps in visualizing the morphology of prepared nanospheres where the water suspended nanospheres are mounted on the holder of the SEM
Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) When the samples of metoprolol and the optimized formulation of metoprolol and polymer are subjected to FTIR, peaks were observed in IR spectroscopy for both the samples
Summary
Nanospheres are the particles of spherical in shape and size varying between 10 nm and 200 nm in diameter. Nanosphere drug delivery is of more importance in recent years as they exhibit the following benefits such as better encapsulation, improved bioavailability, controlled release and lower toxic effects, and dose proportionality
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