Abstract
Silica-encapsulated palladium particles were formed from a palladium nitrate solution containing ultrafine SiO2 particles by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. The mechanism of the formation of the encapsulated particles was investigated. A precursor particle formed below 700°C in the drying stage was composed of the homogeneous mixture of the nano-sized SiO2 and PdO⋅xH2O particles. When PdO is decomposed above 700°C, metallic palladium particles are formed in the matrix of silica. Because of the high surface free energy, the metallic palladium particles coagulate and condense to the composite particle interior. As a result of the relocation within the composite particle, SiO2 is forced out of the particle towards the surface to form a silica-encapsulated palladium particle.
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