Abstract
In this study, a new composite membrane has been prepared by means of blending with maifanite (MFS), activated alumina (AA), and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and tested as a sorbent material (MFS-AA-PVDF) to remove fluoride from water. The morphology and structure of the synthetic composite films have been identified with FT-IR and SEM. Dynamic adsorption data show that the sorption of fluoride on MFS-AA-PVDF is more in line with pseudo-second-order rate equations. Fluoride in water is being adsorbed on MFS-AA-PVDF in a monolayer way described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The effects of pH, temperature, and initial fluoride concentration on fluoride removal efficiency of the membrane have been investigated. The Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology have been used to further study the optimum conditions of defluoridation by MFS-AA-PVDF. The main conclusions can be drawn as follows: pH is equal to 5.02, initial concentration of fluoride 12.37 mg L−1, suitable temperature 36.75 °C, and membrane/solution ratio 0.55 g/50 mL. The maximum removal rate of fluoride has been found to constitute 84.04% that is well reproducible under the optimum conditions.
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