Abstract
Novel urea-formaldehyde resin/reactive kaolinite composites containing 20–40wt% kaolinite were prepared by in situ polymerization. The kaolinite was modified with tetraethoxysilane and a silane coupling agent to introduce reactive groups. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed preparation of the urea-formaldehyde resin/reactive kaolinite composites. The composite morphology was investigated using scanning electron microscopy; the composites consisted of uniform spherical particles. The surface chemical components of the composites were determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The spectra showed that the reactive kaolinite was encapsulated by the urea-formaldehyde resin. The thermal properties of the composites were examined using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that their thermal stability was much better than that of pure urea-formaldehyde resin. Reactive kaolinite addition greatly decreased formaldehyde emissions and improved the water resistance of the composites. A mechanism for urea-formaldehyde resin/reactive kaolinite composite synthesis is proposed.
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