Preparation and Characterization of the Flame-Retardant Decorated Plywood Based on the Intumescent Flame Retardant Adhesive.

Muting Wu,Wei Song,Wei Qu,Yuzhang Wu

doi:10.3390/ma13030676

Muting Wu, Wei Song + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13030676

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Abstract

A novel type of flame-retardant decorated plywood (FDP) was designed and prepared based on one kind of intumescent flame-retardant adhesive. The flame-retardant adhesive was composed of the phosphorous-nitrogen flame retardant and melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) resin. An adhesive was placed between the plywood substrate and the decorative veneer. The shear strength of the FDP satisfied the Class II (GB/T 9846) when the ratio of flame-retardant and MUF was less than 0.65. The thermal stability of the flame-retardant adhesive was measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The intumescent behaviors of adhesives were systematically investigated. The morphological and chemical structures of the intumescent char of the flame-retardant adhesive were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), respectively. The fire performance of FDP was assessed by the cone calorimeter and the single burning item test. The FDP exhibited the most effective barrier when the optimized ratio of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER) in the adhesive is 3. The flame-retardant class of FDP could be up to class B1(B) according to GB/T 8624.

Highlights

Plywood is one of the main materials used for construction and for furniture
The shear strength of plywood is more than 0.97 MPa when the ratio of Intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) to melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) is less than 0.60, which satisfies the requirement of the China National Standard about plywood (GB/T 9846, 0.7 MPa)
The discussion of the flame-retardant properties of flame-retardant decorated plywood (FDP) should be based on having enough shear strength under the condition of the ratios of MUF and IFR being more than 100:60

Summary

Introduction

Plywood is one of the main materials used for construction and for furniture. the flammability of plywood has limited its application in public places or high-rise buildings, especially after the implementation of Chinese National Standard GB 20286-2006 [1]. Three approaches are commonly employed to provide wood-based products with improved fire retardant performances: flame-retardant coatings [2,3]; veneer or board chemical impregnation [4]; and physical mixing of fire retardant into the adhesives [5,6]. An aqueous solution of fire retardant is almost necessary for the impregnation of veneer or plywood, which often leads to the leaching of fire retardant [8]. The use of fire retardant glue is a convenient way to manufacture the flame retardant wood-based panels, but it should be discussed whether the flame retardant is added into every glue layer [10]. A novel flame retardant method for wood-based panels is required to avoid the above shortcomings of the traditional methods

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