Preparation and characterization of sodium alginate-PVA polymeric scaffolds by electrospinning method for skin tissue engineering applications.

Sorour Jadbabaei,Majid Kolahdoozan,Hassan Ebadi-Dehaghani,Farid Naeimi

doi:10.1039/d1ra04176b

Sorour Jadbabaei, Majid Kolahdoozan + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ra04176b

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Abstract

Sodium alginate (SA) has proven its high potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. One of the main weaknesses of this polysaccharide is its low spinnability. Nanofiber-based scaffolds are of interest to scientists for biomedical engineering. The main aim of this study was to improve the spinnability of SA in combination with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The main parameters in the electrospinning of the optimized SA:PVA ratio, including voltage, flow rate, and working space were also optimized. To achieve this, response surface methodology under central composite design was employed to design the experiments scientifically. The final nanofiber scaffolds were studied using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for degradability, swelling, tensile strength, porosity, nanofiber diameter, contact angle, and cytotoxicity. Based on the results, the best ratio for SA : PVA was 1 : 6.5 that was spinnable in various values for the process parameters. The fabricated scaffolds under these conditions revealed good physical, chemical, mechanical, and biological features. L929 cell lines revealed high viability during 48 h culture. The results revealed that uniform and homogeneous nanofibers with regular size distribution (166 nm) were obtained at 30 kV, 0.55 μL h−1, and 12.50 cm. To sum up, the fabricated scaffolds with the optimized ratio under the reported conditions indicate at good biologically compatible candidates for skin tissue engineering.

Highlights

Tissue engineering (TE) is growing as a novel biomedical engineering area to redevelop newfound materials for substituting problematic or injured tissues.[1,2] It comprises the construction of natural and/or synthetic structures, allowing the combination of these materials with growth factors and/or signaling molecules to modulate cell proliferation and differentiation, and develop constructs mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM).[3]The TE of skin substitutes signi es a potential foundation of improved treatment in ghting acute and chronic skin injuries.[4]
Sodium alginate (SA, Sigma-Aldrich Canada Ltd, with a molecular weight of 216.12 g molÀ1) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, 99%, Merck), and glutaraldehyde were purchased from a local supplier, TemadKala Co., Tehran, Iran
sodium alginate (SA) inherently is not spinnable, thereby combination with other spinnable polymers improves its potential for nano ber production

Summary

Introduction

The TE of skin substitutes signi es a potential foundation of improved treatment in ghting acute and chronic skin injuries.[4] Human skin is the widest organ of the body affected by injuries such as infection, burns, and diseases.[5] There are no signi cant prototypes of engineered skin that duplicate the composition, structure, organic constancy, or visual environment of healthy. Recent advances in skin TE have offered the potential to improve skin regeneration's clinical outcome.[7,8] some de ciencies need to be addressed to provide substitutes with painless and rapid healing processes and encourage vascular, neural, and lymphatic networks, hair follicles, sebaceous, and sweat glands.[9] skin TE's ultimate goal is to fabricate a complicated scar-free skin substitute that can be transplanted in large quantities in only one surgical intervention with a minimum chance of rejection by the host's body.[10,11]

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