Abstract
A novel self-colored waterborne polyurethane (SCPU) was synthesized and used in the preparation of a microfiber synthetic leather (MS-Leather) base in order to reduce the pollution caused by N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dyes. The SCPU was prepared using the reaction of a reactive brilliant red K-2G with a waterborne polyurethane which was then extended via a first generation of hyperbranched poly(amine-ester). With the introduction of the dye, new absorption peaks at 1118 cm−1 [S=O], 1413 cm−1 [N=N], and 1635 cm−1 [C=N] appeared in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of SCPU, and SCPU mean particle size increased to 162 nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak intensity of SCPU at 19.27° was 1310 cts. The thermal stability of SCPU at 200–280 °C was inferior to that of the control sample; however, it improved at temperatures above 360 °C. Finally, a free-dyeing MS-Leather base prepared by using SCPU without DMF was manufactured. It was found that the dyes were distributed mainly in the polyurethane matrix rather than in the microfibers. Moreover, the color changes of the base before and after being washed in both a water and a soap solution were 0.93 and 4.21, respectively. This indicated that the base’s washing color fastness to water was better than to a soap solution.
Highlights
The design and manufacture of leather substitutes or artificial leather have increased in Southeast Asia in order to meet the escalating demand for the insufficient output of genuine leather as well as ethical concerns over animal rights [1,2,3]
68–396 nm and 162 nm, respectively. This was because the hydroxyl group of Waterborne Polyurethane (WPU)-H reacted with the active chlorine in the reactive brilliant red K-2G, and the dye molecule was grafted onto the the active chlorine in the reactive brilliant red K-2G, and the dye molecule was grafted onto the polyurethane
Higher than that of Waterborne Polyurethane Modified by HPAE-1 (WPU-H) when the temperature was above 360 ◦ C, because of the influence of some unreacted dye molecules distributed and hydrogen bonded in the hard segment of the polyurethane [35,46]
Summary
The design and manufacture of leather substitutes or artificial leather have increased in Southeast Asia in order to meet the escalating demand for the insufficient output of genuine leather as well as ethical concerns over animal rights [1,2,3]. Large amounts of dyes remain in the effluent and, are discharged to the surrounding environment [23] To resolve these difficulties, the most common method is the use of more than one kind of dye for MS-Leather bases, which complicates the dyeing process and compromises the color levels in the final product [24,25]. If a waterborne polyurethane covalently bonded with dye molecules is used as a filling resin for the manufacture of MS-Leather bases, the use of DMF will be avoided. MS-Leather bases will not require further dyeing, significantly decreasing the environmental pollution caused by dye discharge Based on this concept, a given amount of hyperbranched poly(amine-ester) with terminal hydroxyl groups was used as a chain extender to prepare waterborne polyurethane with hydroxyl groups (WPU-H). The synthesis of this novel self-colored waterborne polyurethane (SCPU) and its application in the preparation of MS-Leather bases are described below
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