Abstract
This paper reviews the synthesis, structure and applications of metal fluoride nanoparticles, with particular focus on rare earth (RE) doped fluoride nanoparticles obtained by our research group. Nanoparticles were produced by precipitation methods using the ligand ammonium di-n-octadecyldithiophosphate (ADDP) that allows the growth of shells around a core particle while simultaneously avoiding particle aggregation. Nanoparticles were characterized on their structure, morphology, and luminescent properties. We discuss the synthesis, properties, and application of heavy metal fluorides; specifically LaF3:RE and PbF2, and group IIA fluorides. Particular attention is given to the synthesis of core/shell nanoparticles, including selectively RE-doped LaF3/LaF3, and CaF2/CaF2 core/(multi-)shell nanoparticles, and the CaF2-LaF3 system.
Highlights
Nanostructures are an integral part of nature, being present in the environment and living organisms where they play important roles in chemical and biological processes
This section is divided into two parts, the first is related to the heavy metal fluorides LaF3:rare earth (RE)
The proposed procedure allows the synthesis of core/multi-shell nanoparticles where a given shell may or may not be doped
Summary
Nanostructures are an integral part of nature, being present in the environment and living organisms where they play important roles in chemical and biological processes. [16,17,18,19,20,21,22]; other fluorides like BaF2 and CaF2 received minimal attention [23,24,25,26,27,28] These nanoparticles were investigated for application in myriad fields, from tribological additives in lubricating oils [16,18] to luminescent properties [19,20,22,23,26,28], when they are doped with REs and corresponding to the topic of this review. We discuss controlled attempts to obtain core/shell nanoparticles of fluorides, including core/shell nanoparticles composed of different materials
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