Abstract
Using conventional coagulant, low turbidity water is difficult to achieve standard. This research uses aluminum chloride, titanium tetrachloride, and sodium silicate as raw materials for the preparation of polyaluminum titanium silicate chloride (PATC). PATC is used to treat low turbidity. The synthetic PATC showed the best coagulating effect in treated water under the following experimental conditions: Reaction temperature of 50 °C, and n(Ti)/n(Al), n(-OH)/n(Ti+Al), and n(Si)/n(Ti+Al) were 0.3, 0.2, and 1.0, respectively. The species distribution and the transformation of PATC showed that the interaction between titanium tetrachloride, sodium silicate, and the hydrolysate of Al influenced the morphology distribution of Al. Temperature and -OH greatly affected the distribution of Alb in PATC. The analysis of infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction indicated that both titanium tetrachloride and sodium silicate had complex chemical reactions with aluminum chloride. Si-O-Ti and Si-O-Al produced by the reaction affected the PATC treatment of low-turbidity water. Scanning electron microscopy showed, that compared with polyaluminum chloride(PAC), the PATC cluster was more compact, showed greater pore structure, and presented better flocculation precipitation. The optimal reaction conditions were an initial turbidity of 10 nephelometric turbidity unit(NTU), PATC dosage of 9 mg/L, pH of 8 for the simulated water sample, stirring speed of 50 r/min, and settling time of 50 min, which were determined by Orthogonal experiment. The zeta potential of the reaction process was analyzed. In the treatment of low-turbidity water, PATC mainly functioned by adsorbing, bridging, and sweeping flocculation. Electrical neutralization played an auxiliary role.
Highlights
With the rapid development of the social economy, water pollution and water scarcity are becoming increasingly serious
PATC was prepared by sodium silicate, aluminum chloride, and titanium tetrachloride, and this study presents for the first time the preparation process of polyaluminum titanium silicate chloride and its flocculation performance to low turbid water, this study is of importance to the treatment of low turbid water
Temperature optimum reaction temperature of salts, PATCand coagulant, sixhigh experiments were performed at different can affect the hydrolysis of metal extremely or excessively low temperatures are temperatures
Summary
With the rapid development of the social economy, water pollution and water scarcity are becoming increasingly serious. People0 s demand for water quality is increasing. The sustainable development of water resources has attracted increasing attention from scholars [1,2]. In several studies on drinking water quality requirements, stringent requirements for the turbidity of water quality have been proposed. The low turbidity of water refers to the turbidity of the original water of rivers or lakes that is less than 30 NTU [3]. The concentration of suspended particles in low-turbidity water is relatively low, and the particle size is small and evenly distributed in the water
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