Abstract
Titanium dioxide/poly(δ-valerolactone) (TiO2/Pδ-VL) nanohybrid material containing interconnected pores with sizes in the range 80–150 μm were prepared by the solvent casting and polymer melting routes, and the dispersion of the TiO2 nanofiller in the Pδ-VL matrix and its adhesion were characterized by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. A significant depression in the glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tm) values were revealed for the polymer nanocomposites prepared by the solvent casting technique. For the potential application of the prepared materials in the biomedical domain, complementary analyses were performed to examine the dynamic mechanical properties, and cell adhesion (using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay), and the results obtained for the samples prepared by the two methods were compared. Interconnected pores were successively produced in the new material by employing naphthalene microparticles as a porogen for the first time, and the results obtained were very promising.
Highlights
Researchers in various fields have devoted much effort to the development of new polymeric materials capable of solving many problems in biomedicine, and in tissue engineering
TiO2 microparticles, i.e., the adhesion of chondrocytes and osteoblasts is found to be higher after incorporation of the nanoparticle filler in the polymer matrix [45]. These findings indicate that TiO2 nanoparticles can act as a substitute for the bioceramic microparticles usually employed as fillers in bioresorbable polymer scaffolds, such as bioactive glass or hydroxyapatite particles [47,48,49]
Pδ-VL and TiO2nanoparticles was successfully prepared by the solvent casting (SC) and polymer melting (PM) methods, and the use of naphthalene microparticles as a porogen was demonstrated for the first time
Summary
Researchers in various fields have devoted much effort to the development of new polymeric materials capable of solving many problems in biomedicine, and in tissue engineering. Natural polymeric materials including polysaccharides, starch, alginate, cellulose, wool, silk, gelatin, and collagen are widely used in biomedical field because of their similar physicochemical performances in living systems similar to that of the native extracellular matrix [1]. These types of polymers are intensively used in the preparation of tissue engineering and drug carrier systems [2]. In living systems, these biopolymers demonstrate excellent biological performance, acceptable degradation rate, good biocompatibility, biological recognition, and tissue regeneration without scar or necrosis [3,4]. These materials have disadvantages such as undesirable mechanical
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