Preparation and characterization of LiTi2O4 anode material synthesized by one-step solid-state reaction

Abstract

LiTi2O4 anode material for lithium-ion battery has been prepared by a novel one-step solid-state reaction method using Li2CO3, TiO2, and carbon black as raw materials. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and the determination of electrochemical properties show that the single phase of LiTi2O4 with spinel crystal structure is formed at 850 °C by this new method, and the lattice parameter is about 8.392 A. The primary particle size of the LiTi2O4 powder is about 0.5–1.0 μm and its morphology is similar to a sphere. The lithium ion insertion voltage of LiTi2O4 anode material is about 1.50 V versus lithium metal, the initial discharge capacity is about 133.6 mAh g-1, the charge–discharge voltage plateau is very flat, and no solid electrolyte interface film is formed when working potential is more than 1.0 V. The reaction reversibility and the cycling stability are excellent, and the high rate performance is good.