Abstract
ABSTRACTThe implantation and controlled release of growth factors can enhance the proliferation and differentiation of cells that promote new bone formation at defect sites. Therefore, chitosan polymer microspheres were prepared by the water-in-oil emulsion (W/O) method and solvent freeze-drying, using glutaraldehyde as an ionic crosslinker, along with the lyophilization of solvents, to microencapsulate growth factors, preventing denaturation. The microspheres were loaded with recombinant bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Rh-BMP-2). They were spherical in shape, with a rough surface ranging in particle size from 0.4 to 1.6 μm. The yield percentage with respect to the polymer was 70% and the BMP-2 load was regulated by the initial protein dose. BMP-2 release experiments were performed for 7 days in PBS solutions at pH 4 and 7.4. The results showed that the protein release rate was only 2% lower at pH 7.4. BMP-2/chitosan microspheres were compatible with the MG-63 cell line (ATCC®CRL-1427™Homo sapiens bone osteosarcoma) and could be considered drug delivery vehicles in bone tissue engineering applications.
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