Abstract
The purpose of this study is to synthesize activated carbon (AC) from the Iranian pine cone tree (Pinus eldarica) for the removal of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) from aqueous solution in batch experiments. Phosphoric acid with different saturation ratios is used for the synthesis of AC. The pyrolysis process is carried out in a ceramic furnace under nitrogen gas flow equal to 100 ml min−1 with a heating rate of 8 °C min−1 to 3 h in 750 °C. The precursor and synthesized ACs are characterized by titration, proximate, ultimate, elemental analysis, Boehm titration, SEM, BET, FT-IR, TGA, and XRF analysis. The acidic functional group is the most dominant group on the surface of prepared AC. The maximum surface area of 1580 m2 g−1 was obtained at an impregnation of 2 gg−1. The synthesized AC with a different impregnation ratio is used to remove the SDBS from aqueous solution in the batch system. The results show that AC with an impregnation ratio of 4 has the highest absorption capacity (93.10 mgg−1). The experimental kinetic data are analyzed with pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models. The results showed that pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides a better description of the adsorption process with R2 > 0.952.
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