Abstract
Activated carbons are prepared from cotton stalks by chemical activation with ZnCl 2, H 2SO 4 and physical activation using CO 2 and steam–CO 2 mixture for temperatures of 750, 850 and 900 °C. The effects of activation temperature and duration time, impregnation concentration of agent, impregnation times, and physical activating agent are examined. These materials are characterized by adsorption/desorption of N 2 to determine the BET areas, thermogravimetric analysis (TG, DTA), FTIR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). ZnCl 2 under CO 2 atmosphere was found more effective than H 2SO 4 as a chemical reagent under identical conditions in terms of porosity development. The maximum BET surface area is found to be 2053 m 2/g for active carbons produced with ZnCl 2 activation under CO 2 atmosphere.
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