Abstract
The polyacrylonitrile/fly ash composite was synthesized through solution polymerization and was modified with NH2OH·HCl. The amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile/fly ash composite demonstrated excellent adsorption capacity for Zn2+ in an aqueous medium. Fourier transform-Infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the prepared materials. The results showed that the resulting amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile/fly ash composite was able to effectively remove Zn2+ at pH 4–6. Adsorption of Zn2+ was hindered by the coexisting cations. The adsorption kinetics of Zn2+ by Zn2+ followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The adsorption process also satisfactorily fit the Langmuir model, and the adsorption process was mainly single layer. The Gibbs free energy ΔG0, ΔH0, and ΔS0 were negative, indicating the adsorption was a spontaneous, exothermic, and high degree of order in solution system.
Highlights
Zinc is an important trace element in the human body and one of the heavy metal elements harmful to nature [1,2,3]
40 mL of 100 mg/L Zn2+ solution was placed in a 200 mL conical flask and 0.1 g amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile/fly ash composite was added
3, both the Langmuir muiradsorption adsorption constant b and the adsorption capacity qmax decreased with the increase constant b and the adsorption capacity qmax decreased with the increase in in temperature, indicating that the temperature rise was not conducive to the adsorption temperature, indicating that the temperature rise was not conducive to the adsorption process
Summary
Zinc is an important trace element in the human body and one of the heavy metal elements harmful to nature [1,2,3]. There are many industrial methods available for treating Zn2+ in heavy metal wastewater such as chemical precipitation [11], chemical redox [12], filtration [13], ion-exchange [14,15,16], electrolysis [17], evaporation recovery [18], and adsorption [19,20,21,22,23]. The smaller the particle size was, the larger the specific surface area was, and the saturated adsorption capacity of fly ash for phenol in aqueous solution was 13.05 mg/g [41]. Chelating fiber as a high-performance adsorption material has been widely used in many fields such as wastewater treatment [45] and heavy metal ion separation, enrichment, and recovery analysis [46]. Amidoxime-modified polyacrylonitrile/fly ash composite (AO-PAN/FA) was prepared and the adsorption capacity for Zn2+ was investigated in a water solution
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