Abstract
Excessive urea leaching causes water pollution and fabricating slow release coated urea is usually performed at high temperature or using synthetic polymers and toxic solvent which might generate environmental pollution. This study aims to formulate “green process” of urea slow release tablets and characterize urea slow release tablets. The formula was composed of rice husk ash, urea, and liquid natural rubber (LNR). Several proportions were studied and characterized based on the stability in water and urea leaching. The immobilizing urea was carried in two models; core-shell and mixed model composite either coating or uncoated with chitosan. The slow release urea tablets were stable in water without decomposition at least 9 days of incubation times depending on LNR content but at least 15 mL of LNR was required to obtain stable tablets. Urea leaching from core-shell tablet was 0.045% and 0.75% for mixed model tablet in 10 days incubation times. Chitosan coating did not affect significantly on urea leaching for core-shell model but it caused urea release faster in mixed model after 12 days incubation times. Low LNR and chitosan coating retarded fungus growth on the urea slow release tablet.
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