Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters, which refers to a group of individual nanoparticles, have recently attracted much attention because of their distinctive behaviors compared to individual nanoparticles. In this review, we discuss preparation methods for creating iron oxide nanoclusters, focusing on synthetic procedures, formation mechanisms, and the quality of the products. Then, we discuss the emerging applications for iron oxide nanoclusters in various fields, covering traditional and novel applications in magnetic separation, bioimaging, drug delivery, and magnetically responsive photonic crystals.
Highlights
Magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters, which refers to a group of individual nanoparticles, have recently attracted much attention because of their distinctive behaviors compared to individual nanoparticles [1,2,3]
Magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters combine the properties of individual nanoparticles and exhibit collective behaviors due to interactions between individual nanoparticles [3]
The enhanced magnetic properties and collective behaviors of these nanoclusters have led to a number of emerging applications, such as rapid magnetic separation and magnetically triggered drug delivery
Summary
Magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters, which refers to a group of individual nanoparticles, have recently attracted much attention because of their distinctive behaviors compared to individual nanoparticles [1,2,3]. The magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles are strongly dependent on size, yielding single-domain regimes and a superparamagnetic limit [4]. The formation of nanoclusters by assembling individual iron oxide nanoparticles has the potential to overcome this limitation by increasing magnetic moments while at the same time maintaining superparamagnetic behaviors [5]. Magnetic iron oxide nanoclusters combine the properties of individual nanoparticles and exhibit collective behaviors due to interactions between individual nanoparticles [3]. Iron oxide nanoclusters have great potential to improve the performance of individual nanoparticles and develop advanced materials with novel functions. The application discussion will cover the use of improved magnetic properties and novel applications that have been recently developed, such as cell membrane-encapsulated iron oxide nanoclusters for drug screening, drug delivery, and tumor targeting
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