Preoperative heart disease and risk for postoperative complications after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Abstract

Comorbidities increase the risk for postoperative complications after pancreatoduodenectomy. The importance of different categories of heart disease on postoperative outcomes has not been thoroughly studied. Patients aged ≥18 years undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy between 2008 and 2019at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden were included. Heart disease was defined as a preoperatively established diagnosis, and subcategorized into ischaemic, valvular, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Postoperative outcome was analysed by multivariable regression. Out of 971 patients, 225 (23.3%) had heart disease. Heart disease was associated with an increased risk for complications; Clavien-Dindo score≥IIIa (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-2.18; p=0.019), intensive care unit admissions (OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.81-5.66; p<0.001) and longer hospitalizations (median 14 vs. 11 days; p<0.001). Although heart disease was not associated with 90-day mortality, it conferred a shorter median overall survival (22 vs. 32 months; p<0.001). Atrial fibrillation and heart failure were each associated with increased risk for postoperative complications, whereas ischaemic and valvular heart disease were not. Atrial fibrillation and heart failure were independently associated with increased risk for postoperative complications. Despite no association with early postoperative mortality, heart disease negatively affected long-term survival.