Preoperative Gabapentin: The Effect on Ropivacaine Subarachnoid Block and Hemodynamics

Abstract

Gabapentin is an adjuvant analgesic and may enhance the spread of subarachnoid block. We investigated the effects of pretreatment with gabapentin on subarachnoid block characteristics and hemodynamics. Seventy patients undergoing transurethral procedures under subarachnoid anesthesia with 2.2 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine were randomly assigned to receive preoperatively 400 mg of gabapentin 6 hourly, up to a total dose of 1200 mg, or placebo. Sensory and motor blocks were assessed every 30 min until regression of sensory block to L4. At the same time intervals, systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressures and heart rate were recorded. There were no differences between groups in the sensory block levels or degree of motor block. Sensory block 150 min after the subarachnoid injection had regressed to L4 in 26 of 32 patients in the gabapentin group and in 25 of the 33 patients in the control group. Systolic arterial blood pressure was decreased in the gabapentin group (P = 0.002 for the main effect of group, and P = 0.03 at 60 min between the groups). The diastolic arterial blood pressure did not differ between the groups, but overall, the heart rate was more rapid in the gabapentin group (P = 0.002, but only for baseline values between the groups, P = 0.036). Pretreatment with gabapentin had no effect on the spread of sensory block or the regression of motor block but was associated with lower systolic arterial blood pressure values in patients undergoing subarachnoid anesthesia with ropivacaine.