Abstract
The role of ultrasonography as a routine investigative test for diagnosing testicular pathologies (in-utero and postnatally) cannot be overemphasized. Undescended (cryptorchid) testis according to literature is prone to neoplastic transformation. Determination of fetal gender in-utero by ultrasound allows for sex determination albeit; its full ethical implication should be considered. 3D ultrasonography is affordable, ubiquitous, reproducible and ensures rapid evaluation of a wide array of testicular pathologies, early (coincidental) diagnosis is important to avoid complications (such as torsion, bleeding or malignant-mass-formation) thus; sonar imaging features as an indispensable tool. The case aims to document and highlight accidental detection (at 31 weeks gestational age) and expunge on the accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosing cryptorchidism. There is sparse (Nigerian) literature on Undescended Fetal Testis (UDFT). This report used antenatal imaging as a clear descriptive evidence of faulty testicular descent with detailed examination of the fetal genitalia. Ultrasound examination during the 3rd semester allows for accurate cryptorchid diagnosis (prenataly).
Highlights
Over the past 20 years, ultrasonography has advanced with newer probes having greater resolution and clarity to differentiate the testes from adjacent tissues [1]
Determination of fetal gender in-utero by ultrasound allows for sex determination albeit; its full ethical implication should be considered. 3D ultrasonography is affordable, ubiquitous, reproducible and ensures rapid evaluation of a wide array of testicular pathologies, early diagnosis is important to avoid complications ; sonar imaging features as an indispensable tool
We report cryptorchidism/Undescended Testis (UDT) on the basis of prenatal
Summary
Over the past 20 years, ultrasonography has advanced with newer probes having greater resolution and clarity to differentiate the testes from adjacent tissues [1]. At around 19 weeks the scrotum becomes discernable (via ultrasound) as gestational age increases; presence of testicles in scrotal sac becomes prominent [3]. Cryptorchid anomaly involves absence of both or one testes from the scrotal sac in males [4]. Every obstetric sonologist will agree with the most often asked question of the diagnosis and determination of fetal sex. Both testes follow a predictable journey during its phase descent from the lumbar areas to the ipsilateral hemi-scrotal region. It is well known that ultrasound can potentially identify the palpable testis in the scrotum but not when present abdominally [5]
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