PRENATAL ULTRASONIC DETECTION OF CONGENITAL CLEFTS OF LIP AND PALATE IN KRASNODARSKII KRAI

Abstract

The goal of our study was investigation of prenatal diagnostics of pathology and distribution of associated anomalies in the group of children - patients of clinic with congenital maxillofacial anomalies. Basing on oral poll of mothers given birth to children with the pathology during the period 2012-2014 in Krasnodarskii krai (358 cases), the efficiency of prenatal detection of congenital clefts of lip and palate (diagnosis Q36, Q35 and Q37 by MKB-10) by ultrasonic investigation was studied. Prenatal 2D ultrasonic investigation is performed three times during pregnancy on 12, 18-24 and 32-34 weeks of pregnancy. Cleft lip or palate were detected on the second and third ultrasonic investigation: cleft palate (Q35) was revealed only in 5,6% cases of children born with cleft palate, and cleft palate (Q36 and Q37) - in 33,8% cases. Importance of prenatal ultrasonic diagnostics of pathology is not only predetermined by the necessity of mental conditioning of parents for the most urgent and proper rehabilitation of ill children, but, also, by the fact that patients with clefts of lip or palate frequently have associated pathology of other organs and chromosomal anomaly. For proper prenatal detection of cleft palate 3D ultrasonic investigation is necessary. We also studied the presence of associated pathology distribution for the cases of isolated clefts of lip or palate. Higher efficiency of cleft lip and palate detection in prenatal period by ultrasonic diagnostics would support more successful rehabilitation by well-timed mental conditioning and informing of parents about stages of rehabilitation in the process of child growing. Ethical aspects of probable abortion because of detected pathology during ultrasonic investigation.