Prenatal screening and diagnosis of genetic deafness by microarray

Abstract

To evaluate a microarray-based mutation screening method for genetic deafness and its application in prenatal diagnosis. Mutation screening of common deafness genes was performed in pregnant women and volunteers spouses. Nine common mutations in four major deafness genes, GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4 and mitochondrial 12S rRNA, were detected simultaneously by a microarray-based method. Genetic counseling was given based on their testing results. 5.11% of pregnant women carried at least one mutation. Among them, seven carried mutation in the mitochondria 12S rRNA gene and were offered aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity warning. For other mutation carriers of GJB2 or SLC26A4 genes, additional mutation screening was performed in their husbands by direct sequencing. A total of 20 couples were at risk of giving birth to children with genetic deafness. Of five couples who selected to undergo prenatal diagnostic testing of the fetus, four were diagnosed as wild type or heterozygous for the tested genes and one as p.V37I/c.235delC compound heterozygous for GJB2. DNA microarray is a quick, easy and reliable method to screen mutations in genetic deafness genes. Application of this method in prenatal screening and diagnosis might effectively reduce the occurrence of genetic deafness.