Abstract
Acrylamideis neurotoxic to the experimental animals and humans. Also, it has mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. Acrylamide was orally administered to non-anesthetized pregnant females by gastric intubation (10 mg/kg/day). The animals were divided into three groups as follows: 1) Group A, newborn from control animals; 2) Group B, newborns from mothers treated with acrylamide from day 7 (D7) of gestation till birth (prenatal intoxicated group); 3) Group C, newborns from mothers treated with acrylamide from D7 of gestation till D28 after birth (perinatally intoxicated group). In the present study acrylamide-induced histopathological and histochemical changes in brachial and lumber regions of spinal cord, including some pyknotic neurons and marked decrease of colour intensity of DNA contents as well as obvious retardation of sensorimotor reflexes of rat newborns. Thus acrylamide and its toxic metabolites resulted in teratogenicity in the rat newborns if their mother exposed to them chronically during gestation and lactation periods. As the spinal motor neurons are the final output neurons of motor systems, so a detailed developmental study is important for a greater understanding motor reflexes development. Moreover, the data on the acrylamide-induced effects on the embryonic and postnatal development is relatively rare. So, the present study was carried out to examine its effects on the development of spinal cord.
Highlights
Acrylamide is a useful industrial agent used in the manufacture of polymers and synthetic organic chemicals
The animals were divided into three groups as follows: 1) Group A, newborn from control animals; 2) Group B, newborns from mothers treated with acrylamide from day 7 (D7) of gestation till birth; 3) Group C, newborns from mothers treated with acrylamide from D7 of gestation till D28 after birth
Each reflex reflects the state of a certain part in the CNS and the rate of its development [10,21,26,31,36]
Summary
Acrylamide is a useful industrial agent used in the manufacture of polymers and synthetic organic chemicals. Polymeric acrylamide is used as filtration and flocculation aids in the water treatment and waste processing industries, mining and paper mills [1]. Acrylamide is metabolized to glycidamide by cytochrome P450 (CYP450). Acrylamide is a well-documented neurotoxicant that produces axonal pathology both in the central and peripheral nervous system [8,9,10]. Most of studies on acrylamide were done using adult rodents, and not much information is available on its effect on developing brain. During maturation of the brain, there is an extensive reorganization of neuronal structures, and exposure to neurotoxicant such as acrylamide would likely affect the expression of proteins, enzymes, lipids and nucleic acids
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