Abstract
BackgroundPremenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a common, recently recognized, psychiatric condition among reproductive women, reflecting abnormal responsivity to ovarian steroids. Moreover, the potential organizational effect of prenatal sex hormones during PMDD has got attentions, but there have been considerably less of researches on this topic. The aim of this research was to investigate the possible role of prenatal androgen in the PMDD.MethodsAnogenital distance (AGD), the distance between a woman’s clitoris and her urethral meatus (CUMD), left and right 2D:4D ratios were measured in 77 subjects (25 patients with PMDD), as these anthropometric indicators are considered to indirectly reflect prenatal androgen exposures in utero.ResultsPatients with PMDD had a longer CUMD than controls (25.03 ± 4.73 vs. 22.07 ± 4.30, P = 0.008), while there were no significant difference between PMDD group and control group in the AGD and right and left 2D:4D ratios.ConclusionAtypical high prenatal androgen exposure might predispose individuals to be susceptible to PMDD.
Highlights
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a common, recently recognized, psychiatric condition among reproductive women, reflecting abnormal responsivity to ovarian steroids
Patients with PMDD had a longer CUMD than controls (25.03 ± 4.73 vs. 22.07 ± 4.30, P = 0.008), while there were no significant difference between PMDD group and control group, as to Anogenital distance (AGD)-AC, AGD-AF, right and left 2D:4D ratio
We measured the 2D:4D ratios, AGD-AC, AGD-AF, and CUMD of the subjects, and found that the left/right 2D:4D ratios, AGD-AC and AGD-AF did not show any difference between PMDD patients and controls, but a significant longer CUMD was seen in the patients with PMDD
Summary
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a common, recently recognized, psychiatric condition among reproductive women, reflecting abnormal responsivity to ovarian steroids. 3–5% of women of menstrual age may suffer from the disorder These symptoms of PMDD significantly impair daily functioning, including the sexual dissatisfaction [1, 2]. PMDD has been recently designated as a separate It is well-known that the actions of the prenatal hormones are organizational and enduring [5]. Kaneoke et al measured the second to fourth digit ratios (2D:4D) to investigate the role of prenatal sex hormone in the pathogenesis of PMDD [8], as a number of studies have supported that 2D:4D is a biomarker for the balance
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
