Premature menopausal women and risk of cardiovascular diseases in India: Longitudinal Aging Study in India, 2017–18

Abstract

Women who have premature menopause are increasing in number and there is a wide regional diversity across the World, including India. However, in India, the relationship between age at menopause and cardiovascular diseases is still unclear. To fill this research gap, we undertook the present study using data from the Longitudinal Aging Study of India (Wave1, 2017–18). Bivariate logistic regression with three different models controlling for socio-economic and demographic characteristics, reproductive history, nutritional status, and co-morbidities of CVDs was used to show the relationship between CVDs and premature menopause. In all three models, the adjusted odds of having CVDs were higher for premature menopausal women than for those who had menopause between the ages of 45–50. There is a need to understand menopausal problems and their risk factors. The government should initiate a reproductive and sexual health awareness program at the macro level and provide treatment for the same.