Preliminary study on the nautical area scattering coefficient and distribution of mesopelagic fish species in the central-southern part of the South China Sea

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 南海中南部中层鱼资源声学积分值及时空分布初探 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 中国水产科学研究院 南海水产研究所, 农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站, 广东 广州 510300 作者简介: 张俊(1984-),男,助理研究员,从事海洋渔业声学研究.E-mail:zkexin0901@126.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S932 基金项目: 农业部财政专项项目（NFZX2013）；国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2014CB441500）；农业部财政专项项目（2009-2016）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2014TS18）；农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室开放基金（FREU2016-01）. Preliminary study on the nautical area scattering coefficient and distribution of mesopelagic fish species in the central-southern part of the South China Sea Author: Affiliation: South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources & Environments, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510300, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:本研究利用Simrad EK60科学探鱼仪（38 kHz）于2013年春季和2014年春季采集的南沙和中沙、西沙海域渔业声学数据，结合中层拖网取样，采用回声积分法研究了南海中南部中层鱼的资源量及其时空分布特征。结果显示，2014年春季中、西沙海域9次中层拖网作业共捕获和鉴定鱼类和头足类79种，隶属于3纲16目37科60属，其中硬骨鱼纲的种类最多（65种），鞘亚纲次之（13种），软骨鱼纲1种，硬骨鱼纲中巨口鱼科、灯笼鱼科和钻光鱼科的种类最多，分别有20种、13种和6种；南沙海域中层鱼声学积分值（nautical area scattering coefficient，m2/nmi2）显著低于中沙、西沙及邻近海域，前者夜间向上迁移的强度高于后者；2013年春季南沙海域夜间10~200 m和白天200~1000 m声学积分值构成没有显著差异（<0.01）；南沙海域白天200~1000 m不同纬度组间中层鱼声学积分值构成有极显著差异（<0.01）；南海中南部中层鱼声学积分值是（2387±601）m2/nmi2，基于现存公开发表的中层鱼的声学目标强度数据并取其均值，推算南海中南部中层鱼资源量是（8200±2100）万t。研究表明，南海中南部中层鱼声学积分值比全球平均值高约29.2%，可能是我国未来具有开发价值的大宗生物资源。 Abstract:Two acoustical surveys were conducted using a Simrad EK60 scientific echosounder (38 kHz split-beam transducer) in the Nansha, Zhongsha, and Xisha areas during spring 2013 and 2014 to explore the abundance and spatiotemporal distribution of mesopelagic fish species in the central-southern part of the South China Sea. The abundance and distribution were estimated using the echo-integration method based on acoustic data and mid-water trawl samples. We identified 79 fish and squid species in 60 genera, 37 families, 16 orders, and 3 classes in the Zhongsha and Xisha areas during spring 2014. Osteichthyes was the most abundant (65 species), followed by Coleoidea (13 species), and Chondrichthyes was only represented by one species. Stomiidae, Myctophidae, and Gonostomidae (Osteichthyes) were the most abundant families and were represented by 20, 13, and 6 species, respectively. The nautical area scattering coefficient (NASC, m2/nmi2) of mesopelagic fish in the Nansha area was much lower than that in the Zhongsha and Xisha areas, and the former presented more obvious ascending intensity at night. The NASC composition of fish living in 10-200 m depth range at night was not different from that of fish living in 200-1000 m during the day in the Nansha area in spring of 2013, but the difference was significant in the Zhongsha and Xisha areas in spring of 2014. The NASC composition values of fish living in 200-1000 m during the day for the different latitude scopes in the Nansha, Zhongsha, and Xisha areas were significantly different. The NASC of mesopelagic fish in the central-southern part of the South China Sea was (2387±601) m2/nmi2. We estimated the abundance of mesopelagic fish in the central-southern part of the South China Sea to be (82±21) million tons based on the existing mesopelagic fish target strength parameters and the median value. These results indicate that the NASC of mesopelagic fish in the central-southern part of the South China Sea was 29.2% higher than the global average. Mesopelagic fish are a potential major strategic fishery resource and are very important for China to develop. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献