Preliminary study on smoking-related behaviors of people aged 60 and over suffering from respiratory diseases in Shangqiu area

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The purpose of this study is to explore the smoking-related behaviors of people ≥60 years of age with respiratory diseases in Shangqiu area. A total of 550 patients with respiratory diseases ≥60 years old who were treated at the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu from April 2015 to April 2017 were selected as the survey subjects through random sampling. Among them, there were 351 males and 199 females; the age ranged from 60 to 86 (72.85±5.71) years old. Follow-up until April 2020, and the follow-up was 3 years or more and related information and death information were also collected. The multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influence of smoking behavior in the survey subjects on the death risk of people with respiratory diseases ≥ 60 years old. A total of 550 cases were included in the survey, and 25 cases were lost to follow-up. The effective number was 525, and the survey effective rate was 95.45%. Among the 525 patients, 336 (64.00%) were males and 189 (36.00%) were females. The age ranged from 60 to 86 (72.69±5.64) years old. The education level was mainly high school and technical secondary school, accounting for 39.24% of the total population. The primary diseases included tracheitis/bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, COPD and lung cancer. Among 525 patients with respiratory diseases ≥60 years old, non-smokers accounted for 11.05% (58/525), smokers accounted for 68.00% (357/525), and quitters accounted for 20.95% (110/525). The duration of smoking was more than 20 years, accounting for 33.33% (175/525). The smoking intensity was mainly moderate, accounting for 33.90% (178/525). The duration of smoking cessation was mainly<5 years, accounting for 8.76% (46/525). Follow-up until April 2020, the mortality rate of 525 patients with respiratory diseases ≥60 years old was 14.10% (74/525). Cox regression analysis showed that smoking duration, smoking intensity, cumulative smoking amount, and duration of smoking cessation were the influencing factors of death in patients with respiratory diseases ≥60 years old in Shangqiu area (P<0.05). It can be seen that smoking duration, smoking intensity, cumulative smoking amount, and smoking cessation duration may be independent risk factors for death in patients with respiratory diseases ≥ 60 years old in Shangqiu area, and may increase the relative risk of death.