Preliminary study on association between toxoplasmosis and breast cancer in Iran

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the possible association between Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) infection and breast cancer by examining the seropositivity and serointensity rate of anti- T. gondii antibodies in breast cancer patients and healthy volunteers. Methods This study was carried out on 66 women with breast cancer which consists of 29 newly diagnosed patients (Group 1) and 37 cases undergoing treatment and regular checkups (Group 2). Also, 60 healthy women (Group 3) with no history of cancer confirmed by clinical examination and imaging participated in this study. The participants were tested for T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassays. Results The mean age of Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 43.3±6.8, 41.8±5.5 and 42.3±4.9, respectively ( P =0.72). Overall, 104 (82.5%) and 8 (6.3%) out of 126 women were positive for anti- T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. Higher seropositivity rate of anti- T. gondii antibodies (IgG) was seen in breast cancer patients (86.4%) compared with control group (78.3%) ( P =0.24). IgG antibodies were detected in 89.2% of cancer patients under treatment, 82.7% of newly diagnosed patients ( P =0.18). IgM antibodies were found in 3 (10.3%), 2 (5.4%) and 3 (5%) in Groups 1, 2 and 3. No significant difference was found between the mean titers of T. gondii IgG antibody among these groups ( P =0.87). Conclusions This study did not find any significant association between toxoplasmosis and breast cancer besides higher rates of seropositivity and serointensity in patients compared with healthy volunteers.