Preliminary study of low-level laser for treatment of long-standing sensory aberrations in the inferior alveolar nerve

Abstract

Purpose: The incidence of inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) damage during removal of third molar teeth has been reported to be as high as 5.5% and up to 100% during sagittal split osteotomy. Sensory aberrations in the IAN persisting for longer than 6 months leave some degree of permanent disability. The purpose of this double-blind, clinical trial was to examine the effects of low-level laser (LLL) treatment using a GaAIAs laser (820 nm, Rønvig, Denmark) on touch and temperature sensory perception after a long-standing postsurgical IAN injury. Patients and Methods: Thirteen patients were divided into two groups, one of which received real LLL (4 × 6 J per treatment along the distribution of the IAN to a total of 20 treatments) and the other placebo LLL. The degree of mechanoreceptor injury as assessed by Semmes Weinstein Monofilaments (North Coast Medical, San Jose, CA) were comparable in the two groups before treatment. The degree of thermal sensitivity disability as assessed using a Thermotester (Somedic AB, Stockholm, Sweden) to examine the indifferent temperature threshold was also comparable between the two groups before LLL. Results: Subsequent to LLL, the real laser-treated group showed a significant improvement in mechanoreceptor sensory testing ( P = .01) compared with the placebo group, as manifested by a decrease in load threshold (g) necessary to elicit a response from the most damaged area. In addition, the real LLL group reported a subjective improvement in sensory function. There was no significant improvement in thermal sensitivity post-LLL for either the real or placebo laser-treated groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that LLL can improve mechanoreceptor perception in long-standing sensory aberrations in the IAN.