Preliminary study: health risk analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentrations in Bandung Metropolitan

Abstract

Particulate matters with sizes below 10 (PM10) and 2.5 (PM2.5) micrometers under polluted air have been causing not only climate change directly/indirectly but also public health problems. These were depended on the level concentrations of PM, chemical species, duration of exposure, as well as meteorological conditions, and how close we are to the emission sources. The aim of the preliminary study is to observe how air pollution concentrations can affect human health. We selected Bandung Metropolitan as a pilot project and located several instruments at Telkom University in the period of 2018-2019. PM2.5 and PM10 data were produced and calculated from microsensors. Health data and related patients from the hospital within 6 km were added to AirQ+ for short and long-term exposure analysis. Results show that temporal data of PM2.5 and PM10 were identified as <20 µg/m3 (in a wet season) to >100 µg/m3 (dry season). In long-term exposure to polluted air, PM2.5 contributed to mortality caused by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and ischemic heart disease. Meanwhile, post-neo-natal were observed under PM10 mass concentrations. In a short-term period of measurement, March to April and July to August, the respiratory disease has dominant across seasons. Therefore, the coupling of changes in climate and air pollution level will be negatively contributed to more effect on human health.