Preliminary Studies on the Antibacterial and Antioxidative Potentials of Hydroalcoholic Extract from the Whole Parts of Artemisia vulgaris L.

Abstract

A B S T R A C T The present study assessed the antibacterial, cytotoxicity and antioxidative capacity of hydroalcoholic extract from the whole parts of Artemisia vulgaris (AV) using various in vitro assay models. Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), Protein Glycation (PG), Xanthine Oxidases (XO) and the stable 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging assays were used to evaluate the antioxidative capacity of AV extract. The Total Phenolic Content (TPC) was estimated based on Folic Ciocalteau reagent whilst, the phenolic compounds were characterized by HPLC- DAD. Here, the cytotoxicity nature of AV extract was evaluated using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) reagent on HepG2 hepatocarcinomal cells. Furthermore, the antibacterial potential was determined by using agar dilution method against our panel of bacterial strains. A mild antibacterial activity was exhibited against P. vulgaris ATCC 6830, E. faecalis ATCC 29212, S. mercescens ATCC 9986, S. aureus OK1 and OK3 having MIC value of 0.4 mg mLG 1 but less active towards other test bacteria. Similarly, the AV extract demonstrated a moderate inhibition of DPPH* (IC50: 0.976 µg mLG 1 ), LPO (IC50: 360 µg mLG 1 ), XO (IC50: 112.51 µg mLG 1 ) and PG (IC50: 968.4 µg mLG 1 ). The TPC was found to be 28.04±0.05 mg GAE gG 1 , which corresponds to the HPLC fingerprint. The AV extract exhibited non-toxic effect towards mammalian cells having an IC50 value of 246.32±5.21 µg mLG 1 . The data showed that Artemisia vulgaris had a mild antibacterial and antioxidative capacity despite its low phenolic composition and at least in part support its medicinal uses in folklore medicinal system.