Abstract
The urban planning industry has always been concerned about conserving and developing historic cities in a sustainable and balanced way. However, unreasonable planning and accumulative effects brought by rapid urbanization prevent the conservation of small-scale famous historic and cultural cities. Taking Tingchow county as an example, this paper focused on sustainable development and the Historic Urban Landscape Approach, and determined the urban functions and specific tasks of various planning of its ancient town with the help of public opinions. This paper mainly aimed at providing guidance on urban decentralization from two perspectives. Firstly, it compared the types of land use and its ratio among famous cities of similar scales, and results showed that it is advisable to reduce three-class residential land use and unnecessary administrative functions. Secondly, it estimated the moderate resident population in different degrees of development, and calculated the upper limit of resource space bearing capacity (REBC) of scenic spots under the guidance of sustainable tourism. Results showed that it is recommended to decentralize and resettle 20%~30% of the resident population, and to control the tourist population below 12,000 per day. As the preliminary work of planning, this paper focused on the scientific planning and availability of decentralization, and reflected an expectation for the mode of public participation and quantitative planning.
Highlights
In May 1964, the Second International Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments (ICOM) approved the International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites, that is, namely Venice Charter, which affirmed the value of historic buildings and sites
Though the accumulated functions and growing populations impede the conservation and renewal of these cities, decentralization of functions and population dispersion of the ancient towns are hard to realize, as scientific planning is often lacking when it comes to complicated situations
The Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach and the concept of sustainable tourism raised by UNESCO and World Heritage Center (WHC) provide a new insight and urge us to jump out of the traditional idea of static protection, consider the sustainable tourism development
Summary
In May 1964, the Second International Congress of Architects and Technicians of Historic Monuments (ICOM) approved the International Charter for the Conservation and Restoration of Monuments and Sites, that is, namely Venice Charter, which affirmed the value of historic buildings and sites. Cities, regarded as part of heritage, started to be conserved. Similar to the concept of Heritage City, China owns 134 state-list famous historic and cultural cities (in short, famous cities). The conservation of historic and cultural famous cities has played a crucial role in China’s urban planning, with an increasing focus on sustainable development. From Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Tingchow was the political and cultural center of southeast China, as well as an important populated place for the Hakkas, thereby credited as “the capital of the Hakkas.”. In modern China, Tingchow was an important revolutionary base area. Tingchow has a population of less than 400,000 (Table 1), among which nearly 80,000 are urban. Tofhleeslosstshoanf y4o0u0,n0g00p(eToapblleec1h)a, lalmenognegdwthheicshucnceeasrsliyon80o,0f 0c0ulatruereu,rabnand poovperu-lcaotniogne.stiAocncolerddintog atodtehteersioixrtahtincegnesunsv,irpoenompelenta,gbeudt 6t5heangdovaebronvmeeanctcowuansteudnafobrle9.t5o7%imopfrothvee pfaocpiluitliaetsioann,dhimghaekretthimanetlhyereamgiendgystfaonrddaersdt.roAysedis hsheroiwtangeindauesutrovtehyecdoenpdruecstseeddbeycoNnaonmjiyn.g University in 20M16e, aanmwohnigle,thTein3g8c0h4ofwamstialiretse,dthlaotseeiwn ittohuarinsman. nItusatloiunrciosmmereovfeonvueer a1n0d0,0to00uraisctcopuonptueldatfioornleasres tshtiallna1t0a%loowf thleevwelhcoolem. pAarefideldwirtehseoatrhcehr caornedasucintedFufrjioamn p2r0o1v3intoce2.0H17owsheovwere,dbtehnaetfistihnagbbfryomlivitnhge cinocnrdeiatsioinngslyfocrocnedveynoieunntgtrpaenospploerttaotiloeanvaenadnncaietniotntaolwpnosli;ctireasd, Titiinogncahl ohwouesaersnbeedcaamtoeurteisnmemreevnetns,uaenidn e2v01e3n tehigaht twsaoslitnaerayrleyld1e0rltyimpeesophlieghlievretdhatongtehthaterinin20o0n8e (hFoiguusere; a2n),cireencteibvuinilgdimngosr,emthaainnly1.d2 wmeilllliinogn htoouursiestss, wpeerreyebaurr.nTth, teoTrnindgochwonw, oHr isgehlf--srpeeneodvaRtaeidlw; faaycilSittaietsiocnonongeGstaendzihnotuh-eLosonlgeytarnunRkairlowaady, coapuesninedg hinug2e01c5o,mamnduttihnegrepbryesspuorteen(Ftiiaglutroeu1r)i.stTshdeoluosbsleodf yinouitnsg3p-heoouplreccohvaelrleanggee(dFitghuerseu3c)c.esTshioeninocfrceualsteuroef, atonudriosvt epr-ocpounlgaetisotinonwlielldotoccaupdyetemrioorreatsipnagteianlvrierosonumrecenst., bTuhtetrheefogreo,vewrenmsheonut lwdasseuizneabthlee tcohiamnpcerofvoer ftaocuirliitsimesdaenvdemlopakmeetnimt welhyilreembeedcayuftoiorudseastbroouytedthheeerxitpalgoesidvueeptooptuhleatdioenprgersoswedthecbornooumghyt. by the overexpanded market
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