Preliminary reports of augmented-reality assisted craniofacial bone fracture reduction

Abstract

Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures involve four fracture ends. It is difficult to fully expose the operative area through a main coronal incision, an intraoral incision, and an eyelid incision. To address the partial visual field loss in craniofacial fracture reduction, we attempted to use an augmented reality (AR) navigation system. Patients with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures underwent three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) modeling before surgery, and preoperative plans were designed. The control team used traditional optical navigation to perform the surgery. The experimental team used an AR navigation system. From May 2019 to December 2019, 10 patients with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures were included in this study. Data were collected after surgery and analyzed. There was a significant difference between the two groups in the fracture point error (1.35 vs. 1.61, P=0.02) and fracture reduction time (15.40 vs. 20.40, P=0.03). However, there was no difference in the operative duration (6.60 vs. 6.65, P=0.92), blood loss volume (620.00vs. 580.00, P=0.83), or incidence of complications. The AR navigation system used by the research team has good auxiliary effects for reducing zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. The new surgical method has better accuracy and a shorter reduction time than the traditional surgical method.