Abstract
Climate change that has occurred in recent years causes a shift at the beginning of rice planting. Rice crop failure due to flooding or drought is the main cause of the low Cropping Index in the freshwater swampland such as happened in Swampland Agro Science Park of Banjarbaru. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the preliminary prediction of the rice planting season for planting season (MT) 2019, 2020, and 2021 based on water balance. As for what can be analyzed was the rainfall data as input compared to evapotranspiration through the Hargreaves approach. Then the output obtained in the form of net rate which used to measure the amount of rain every year. M eanwhile, the water requirement for rice was calculated during the period of growth to harvest. After that, the water balance simulation was performed from the difference in water bubbles (net yield rate) with the water needs in the rice field. Based on this water balance simulation obtained that the beginning of rice planting for MT 2019 is May IV-June IV, MT 2020 is June I-July I, and MT 2021 is June II-July II.
Highlights
There are three growing seasons (MT) in Indonesia, namely: (a) MT-I or rainy season (MH), November to February; (b) MT-II or first dry season (MK-I), called Gadu season, March to June; and (c) MT III or second dry season (MK-II), July to October
Net rate with positive sign means a wet condition, while net rate with negative sign indicates a dry condition. This data will be used as a discourse for the selection of initial rice planting scenarios for the 3 years (MT 2019-MT 2021) and as a reference for setting the water level in the land
The analysis shows that the pattern of rainy and dry seasons in Banjarbaru City during the last 30 years has shifted every year
Summary
There are three growing seasons (MT) in Indonesia, namely: (a) MT-I or rainy season (MH), November to February; (b) MT-II or first dry season (MK-I), called Gadu season, March to June; and (c) MT III or second dry season (MK-II), July to October. South Kalimantan has a flat topography but still has mountainous areas, valleys, which lie between the Java Sea and the Makassar Strait, resulting in the emergence of complex climatic conditions This causes a shift at the beginning of the growing season, especially for rice [2]. According to the most recent data [3], it is estimated that the total area of swampland in Indonesia is 34,93 million ha consisting of peatlands and mineral lands. Freshwater swampland has an average planting index of 100 or can only be planted once with moderate soil fertility since nutrient supply from overflowing rivers [4] This indicates the big potential of the freshwater swampland to be developed as barn food by adjusting the appropriate time of planting
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