Abstract
BackgroundIn order to study the CXCR4 expression with [68Ga]pentixafor PET in different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, we performed a retrospective study to describe the [68Ga]pentixafor PET/CT imaging in a spectrum of lymphomas and to compare it with [18F]FDG PET/CT.ResultsTwenty-seven patients with newly diagnosed non-Hodgkin lymphoma were recruited retrospectively. [68Ga]pentixafor PET showed increased radioactivity in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (n = 8), marginal zone lymphoma (n = 4), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (n = 3), follicular lymphoma (n = 2), mantle cell lymphoma (n = 1), unclassified indolent B cell lymphoma (n = 3), and enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma (n = 3). However, peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (n = 1), and NK/T cell lymphoma (n = 2) were not avid for [68Ga]pentixafor. In comparison to [18F]FDG PET, [68Ga]pentixafor PET demonstrated more extensive disease and higher radioactivity in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma.ConclusionCXCR4 expression varies in different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Overexpression of CXCR4 was detected with [68Ga]pentixafor PET/CT in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, unclassified indolent B cell lymphoma, and enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma. The uptake of [68Ga]pentixafor was higher than [18F]FDG in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma.
Highlights
In order to study the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression with [68Ga]pentixafor PET in different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, we performed a retrospective study to describe the [68Ga]pentixafor PET/CT imaging in a spectrum of lymphomas and to compare it with [18F]FDG PET/CT
The semiquantitative and visual comparisons of the lymphoma detected in [68Ga]pentixafor and [18F]FDG PET/CT are shown in Table 2 and Fig. 2, respectively
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma Bone marrow is the predominant site of involvement in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, which was confirmed by bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in all recruited patients
Summary
In order to study the CXCR4 expression with [68Ga]pentixafor PET in different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, we performed a retrospective study to describe the [68Ga]pentixafor PET/CT imaging in a spectrum of lymphomas and to compare it with [18F]FDG PET/CT. The first clinical application of [68Ga]pentixafor PET has been carried out in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma, which confirmed the CXCR4. Besides the diagnostic use of [68Ga]pentixafor PET, CXCR4-directed radioligand therapy with 90Y- or 177Lu-labeled Pentixather, the therapeutic partner of [68Ga]pentixafor, has been successfully introduced as the compassionate use of treatment for relapsed, advanced stage multiple myeloma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and acute myeloid leukemia, in addition to high-dose chemotherapy regimens and followed by subsequent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [13,14,15,16]
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