Abstract
Bacterial contamination of blood products is one of the most frequent infectious complications of transfusion. Since glucose levels in blood supplies decrease as bacteria proliferate, it should be possible to detect the presence of bacterial contamination by measuring the glucose concentrations in the blood components. Hence this study is aimed to serve as a preliminary study for the nondestructive measurement of glucose level in transfusion blood. The glucose concentrations in red blood cell (RBC) samples were predicted using near-infrared diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy in the 1350 to 1850 nm wavelength region. Furthermore, the effects of donor, hematocrit level, and temperature variations among the RBC samples were observed. Results showed that the prediction performance of a dataset which contained samples that differed in all three parameters had a standard error of 29.3 mg/dL. Multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) preprocessing method was also found to be effective in minimizing the variations in scattering patterns created by various sample properties. The results suggest that the diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy may provide another avenue for the detection of bacterial contamination in red cell concentrations (RCC) products.
Highlights
Septic reactions from bacterial contamination of blood products are considered to be one of the most frequent complications of blood transfusion.[1,2] The U.S Food and Drug Administration reported bacterial contamination as the third most frequent cause of death related to transfusion,[3] and data compiled from 11 prospective studies showed that, on average, there is about one case of sepsis per 2695 units transfused.[4]
The glucose concentrations in red cell concentrations (RCC) decrease from around 600 mg∕dL down to less than
Considering that the standard error of cross validation (SECV) obtained from even the most complex calibration set—which included samples that differed in donors, Hct levels, and temperatures—was 29.3 mg∕dL, we can suggest that our method has the potential to detect bacterial contamination in RCC with sufficient quantitative determination accuracy
Summary
Septic reactions from bacterial contamination of blood products are considered to be one of the most frequent complications of blood transfusion.[1,2] The U.S Food and Drug Administration reported bacterial contamination as the third most frequent cause of death related to transfusion,[3] and data compiled from 11 prospective studies showed that, on average, there is about one case of sepsis per 2695 units transfused.[4]. In the U.S the storage time of platelet (PLT) concentrates was reduced from seven to five days in 1986 due to a higher risk of bacterial sepsis with older units,[8] and in Japan the retention period for red cell concentrations (RCC) was reduced from 42 days to 21 days in 1995. This reduction of storage life, though, may cause shortages in blood supply in countries such as Japan, where the population is aging.[9,10] a prolongation of the shelf life of blood components would become useful in maintaining a stable supply of transfusion blood
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